Advancing Sickle Cell Disease Treatment in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities for Disease Modifying Therapies

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major individual and public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, where over 5 million affected individuals live and where access to disease-modifying treatment is limited. Despite established safety and efficacy of hydroxyurea, its use is limited across the region due to inconsistent healthcare infrastructure, high medication and laboratory costs, inadequate clinician training, and persistent disease stigma. Practical hydroxyurea dosing strategies, integration into national health plans, and a stronger supply chain are necessary to improve access to this life-saving medication.